I would have said the same thing, until last week.
We have a insurancie carrier that is denying some physical therapy claims based on the Primary Taxonomy code listed on the provider's NPI record in the database. So it depends on the carrier and if they reference the NPI record for the provider.
In your situation, I'm not sure they would deny the claim because of a different address though. We bill for a group that has 3 different locations and only one of the locations is listed on the NPI record, but it's not the same address on the cliam form. The only issue I see happening is that the provider might have checks coming to his home address if in fact the carrier uses the NPI database has a cross reference.