Depends on your plan, if you have a self-funded or an ERISA based benefit plan call your plan administrator. Those are sneaky PPO's!! I've had it happen myself, go to a hospital in my network only to get a bill from the doctors who are not. IN MOST CIRCUMSTANCES you can holler at the insurance company and get this appealed, especially if you had no say in who performed the surgery or provided the anesthesia. Often with labor/delivery you are at the mercy of whoever is on staff at that time, and that right there is a basis for an appeal.